How To Tell What Type Of Hardwood Floor You Have

How to Tell What Type of Hardwood Floor You Have

Identifying your hardwood floor type is crucial for maintenance, repairs, and potential renovations. Knowing the species of wood and the finish type allows you to choose appropriate cleaning products, refinishing techniques, and even matching replacement boards if needed. This guide will walk you through several methods to accurately determine your hardwood floor's type.

Visual Inspection: The First Step

The most straightforward approach is a thorough visual inspection. Pay close attention to these key characteristics:

Wood Grain and Color:

• Grain Pattern: Is the grain straight, swirling, or highly figured? Straight grains are common in many species like oak, while swirling or figured grains are more characteristic of species like cherry or walnut. Observe the grain’s density and prominence.
• Color Variations: Note the overall color and any variations within the wood. Is it light, medium, or dark? Are there significant color shifts within individual planks? Color can range from the pale yellows of maple to the deep browns of mahogany. Natural color variations are common.
• Knots and Mineral Streaks: Presence, size, and frequency of knots and mineral streaks can be helpful clues. Some woods, like pine, are known for prominent knots, while others have fewer or smaller ones. Mineral streaks often indicate specific species.

Plank Width and Length:

The dimensions of your planks can also provide clues. Consider:

• Plank Width: Narrow planks were more common in older homes, while wider planks are more typical in contemporary flooring.
• Plank Length: Similarly, plank length varies over time and across different styles.

Edge Profile:

Examine the edges of the planks closely. The type of edge profile (beveled, square, etc.) can indicate the style and age of the flooring.

Beyond Visual Inspection: More Definitive Tests

While visual inspection is a great starting point, for a more definitive identification, consider these additional methods:

Testing the Hardness:

Although not foolproof for identifying the exact species, a hardness test can help narrow down possibilities. A simple scratch test with a coin or knife (be cautious!) can provide an indication of relative hardness. Harder woods are more resistant to scratches.

Important Note: Avoid aggressive testing that could damage your floor.

Consulting a Professional:

If you're still uncertain, consider consulting a flooring professional or a qualified woodworker. They have the expertise to identify hardwood species based on their experience and might even be able to provide a more accurate assessment through more advanced methods.

Understanding Finishes: A Crucial Element

Beyond identifying the wood species, understanding the finish is just as important. The finish protects the wood from wear and tear and impacts its appearance. Common finishes include:

• Polyurethane: A durable and common finish, often offering a glossy or semi-gloss sheen.
• Lacquer: A fast-drying finish, known for its hardness and clarity.
• Varnish: Provides a protective layer with varying degrees of gloss.
• Oil-based finishes: These finishes tend to enhance the natural look and feel of the wood.

By carefully examining the finish’s sheen, feel, and potential signs of wear, you can get a better understanding of its type.

Using Online Resources and Wood Identification Guides

Many online resources and wood identification guides provide detailed information on various hardwood species. These resources typically include images, descriptions, and comparison charts, aiding in identification based on your observations.

By combining visual inspection with these additional methods, you can effectively identify the type of hardwood flooring you have, which is essential for proper care and maintenance. Remember to always treat your hardwood floor with respect, avoiding harsh chemicals and abrasive cleaning methods to ensure its longevity.